What is an expected consequence of prolonged low oxygen saturation in a patient?

Prolonged low oxygen saturation can lead to a range of physiological responses as the body attempts to compensate for inadequate oxygen levels. When oxygen saturation remains low over an extended period, the body may experience respiratory muscle fatigue. This occurs because the respiratory muscles have to work harder to facilitate breathing and maintain adequate ventilation, which can become exhausting without sufficient oxygen supply.

Additionally, low oxygen saturation can lead to increased carbon dioxide retention. As oxygen levels drop, the body’s ability to expel carbon dioxide effectively can diminish, leading to a rise in carbon dioxide levels in the blood (hypercapnia). This happens because hypoventilation, or insufficient ventilation, can occur as the respiratory drive may become impaired due to low oxygen availability.

Therefore, both respiratory muscle fatigue and increased carbon dioxide retention are expected consequences of prolonged low oxygen saturation, making the statement that both occur correct.