When should a patient in the immediate postoperative period be given a nasal cannula or simple face mask?

In the immediate postoperative period, a nasal cannula or simple face mask is typically indicated when the patient requires a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 0.4 or less. Using a nasal cannula or simple face mask is appropriate in situations where patients need supplemental oxygen but do not have severe respiratory distress or require very high levels of oxygen.

An FiO2 of 0.4 indicates that the patient is still capable of maintaining adequate oxygenation with mild to moderate supplemental oxygen, which can be efficiently delivered through these devices. They are comfortable and allow for adequate oxygen delivery without the need for more invasive methods, such as high-flow nasal cannula or mechanical ventilation, which are reserved for more critical situations.

In contrast, other scenarios presented in the options might suggest a higher level of respiratory support or intervention. If a patient were to require higher FiO2 levels, for instance, a more advanced form of oxygen delivery might be necessary. Likewise, if a patient is exhibiting signs of respiratory distress, a more aggressive approach to oxygenation could be warranted to ensure adequate perfusion and oxygenation. Lastly, patients who can maintain oxygen saturation without assistance generally do not need supplemental oxygen, indicating they are stabilizing well enough postoper